What you first need to understand is WHY you asked your first question the way you did. Like why wasn't it intuitively obvious to you (in the first place) that the WHOLE rest of the skull would not be separated apart via a SARPE or why you didn't refine your question to only the nasal bones in the first place and instead asked about the WHOLE green area that included the REST of the skull.
TBH, it was unfathomable to me that someone would ask that question because the question reflected too much of an absence of background fundamentals that I would need someone to have to 'digest' my answer and/or giving one would only confuse you more.
I don't mean to chide you here but I really think you need to be more introspective as to WHY you didn't understand the WHOLE (rest of the) skull would not be pryed apart in this process. It's quite possible that you lack background in basic mechanical principles (or inability to include them in your thinking process) and would have to revisit those things or study up on those things to increase your capacity to undertand material that involves them. Otherwise it's beyond the scope here for me to give a 'tutorial' on all the basic concepts one would need to have to process an explanation. It's HARD for me to explain things when there doesn't seem to be much backdrop understanding of much at all on the part of the other person for me to 'grab onto'.
Your questions involve me observing/processing FOR YOU what you didn't or could not observe yourself that were there to observe. For example:
a: You later asked about 'rotation' points and 'how to figure those out'. Rotation points refer to FIXED points/areas that don't move, or that something else moves relative to. So, with reference to the diagram, how does one 'figure' out what the FIXED areas in the diagram which don't move??? The diagram SHOWS you what the FIXED areas are that DON'T move by coloring them GREEN.
b: The TEXT mentioned that the APEX where the outward tilting/ rotation could be related to as far as the facial bones were concerned was at the nasal bones. So observing what the TEXT says also helps.
c: I already gave explanation as to WHICH area is expanded the most which is near the base of the periform aperture and this can be considered the 'floor' of the nose and the 'roof' of the palate. I also told you that 'more above than below' referred to at the base of the nose vs. between the front teeth. So, more (TRANSVERSE) expansion above the front teeth than between them. As to your red line, it's not a matter of most of the expansion being 'above' or 'superior' to your red line. The matter is the expansion is more AT the line or in the vicinity of your red line. The red line cuts through the POSTERIOR part of the aveolar processs of the tooth bearing upper jaw. So, you would need to LOOK at the original diagram with REFERENCE to your red line to OBSERVE that the Posterior aspect of the upper jaw is being EXPANDED transversely and those areas are in DARK blue meaning they are being expanded more than the areas in light blue. TRANSVERSE expansion to the POSTERIOR part of the upper jaw is a salient goal of SARPE surgery that makes the tooth bearing upper jaw WIDER where it is too narrow.
d: The Lefort 1 type cut is made so that the outward transverse expansion of the (narrow) posterior tooth bearing upper jaw can take place without the zygoma areas impinging on the desired movement.
That's about it as to all I'm going to explain here.
ETA: If med articles (such as this one) are difficult for you to understand, then stick to the things that are easier to understand. Med articles presume or presuppose the reader has the background to understand what they are conveying and are not written for lay people.
Don't get me wrong, I 'understand' how and why it might be hard for many people to understand material AIMED at medical professionals.
Even though they are out there for anyone to read, the presentation, format, text, illustrations etc. PRESUPPOSES the reader has enough background TO understand what is being conveyed whether or not they are actually a med professional in the venue of maxfax surgery.
One presupposition regarding capacity to understand what is being conveyed in such an article would be IF the reader could answer 'YES' to the following question:
'Do I score high on tests that measure aptitude in science topics, eg. math, physics and also on tests that measure reasoning/information processing abilities?'
If the answer is 'NO', then best NOT to pursue med articles in the absence of any grounding needed to process the information they convey. This also holds true even if someone with a science background gives an explanation.
If this article and it's contents are difficult to understand, in addition to attempted explanations then take heart because you are NOT 'expected' to understand med articles in order to have surgery. Your surgeon won't be holding contingent you pass a quiz based on the contents of the article in order to have SARPE surgery. Yes, that's right. You can have surgery without having to go to medical school to understand how it's done. Happens all the time.
All you need to know (in the absence of ANY science background that would apply to digesting material in this med article) is:
a: The objective of the surgery is to WIDEN the BACK PART of the tooth bearing upper jaw as to make an area WIDER where it is presently TOO NARROW.
b: In order for the area they want to move and make wider and be FREE to do so without RESISTANCE from a 'neighboring' area is to make (type of) cuts that goes through the BACK of the tooth bearing upper jaw. (Like a Lefort 1 cut but with some alterations where cut is wider in places where it needs to be wider.) If not, the neighboring areas will remain as FIXED areas and hence RESIST or otherwise 'impinge' on the DESIRED movement/objective of the SARPE expansion.
c: The neighboring areas that do move somewhat in the direction of the specific area needed to be transversely expanded (back of the tooth bearing upper jaw to become wider) are shown on the original diagram in LIGHT blue. They move 'somewhat' but NOT 'as much' as the specific area/s (dark blue) being widened MORE via the SARPE. The neighboring areas in light blue move somewhat but not as much as the areas in dark blue because they are UNFIXED (via types of cuts) needed for them to move somewhat so they 'get out of the way' (or don't impinge or otherwise interfere with) of the desired SARPE expansion. They move somewhat because they are UNFIXED in some places (via cuts) yet remain FIXED in other places. All areas on the original diagram that are GREEN are FIXED areas (that don't move). Areas that move somewhat (light blue) are UNFIXED where they NEIGHBOR areas to be expanded the most but will RESIST the same extent of expansion that the dark blue areas have because the light blue areas are also 'connected to' FIXED areas in green.
d: If you need to know WHY an area DEFINED as a FIXED area doesn't move, for example the areas on the original diagram DEFINED by the color GREEN as areas that do not move, the simple answer is because they are FIXED in place. If you need to know WHY an area is fixed in place and not subject to movement/displacement by forces exerted on other areas, then you will need to study up on basic mechanical principles usually taught in high school.
